What do you think of when you hear volcano?
For a lot of people it will be mount saint Helans, for some others it would be something from a video game or something from a movie. When it comes to naming actual volcanoes people seem to come a bit short and not be able to name many if any.
The reason i want to talk about this sort of thing is that i have recently come across the Toba Catastrophe theory. Basically this would explain where there is a relatively low genetic variation between humans.
At the time of the Toba volcanic eruption, about 69,000 to 77,000 years ago, it would have caused enough of a global climate change to kill off most of humans, down to a hypothesized size of 10,000 individuals. If it is true then this would mean that every human being alive to day or born tomorrow would have had to come from this population.
Even with me telling you about the size of this you shill might not understand really how large this eruption would be, Mount Saint Helans, the worst volcanic eruption in recent history, ejected a total amount of material that is equal to 1 cubic kilometer. That's a lot of stuff. In minecraft that would be a structure that is one thousand blocks tall, wide and long.
Or the cube shown below, but a thousand tall, wide and long.
But the Toba super-volcanoes eruption long ago ejected an estimated 2,800 cubic kilometers of material and this is a minimal estimate, meaning it very well and most likely was much more.
It caused a 6 to 8 year volcanic global winter, that's 6 to 8 years where the sun was blocked out, and an over all cooling of the planet for about a thousand years. It makes most things completely pale in comparison.
Today the Toba super-volcano is located in the Indonesian island of Sumatra and is in the form of a volcanic lake, the largest volcanic lake in the world. It is reminder just what could happen or rather has happened.

